The Difference Between a "Disorder" and the Normal Range of Abilities
“They talk about high functioning autism as being a ‘disorder’, which I don’t like that term. In any event, what is the difference between a ‘disorder’ and the normal range of abilities and personality?” All behaviors fall along a continuum or spectrum. At one end of the spectrum is “normal” behavior, abilities, individual characteristics that are considered appropriate (or typical) on the basis of an individual’s culture, age, gender, etc. At the other end of the spectrum are groups of behaviors that, when exhibited regularly by an individual, create problems for that person in terms of his or her functioning socially, emotionally, or occupationally. Most people have certain idiosyncrasies (e.g., unusual hobbies, anxiety, awkwardness in social situations, clumsiness, obsessions, etc.). This is considered well within the range of normal behavior. However, when these behaviors overlap, form a pattern across time, and negatively impact a person’s ability to function, then